Dhibaatooyinka Caafimaadka Bulshada Oo Ay Ugu Wacan Tahay Qaadashada Dufanka Badan

Jidhku waxa uu la qabsan karaa xaddi yar oo dufan badan ah.

Maxaa ka dhigan xad-dhaaf waa dood; si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaad hubin kartaa in ka badan boqolkiiba afartan kaloriyadaada baruurta ay tahay xad-dhaaf.

Si aad u hesho dufan badan oo cuntadaada ah, waa inaad cuntaa cunto qashinka-cuntada ah iyo/ama cunnada xoolaha, oo aan si habboon ugu dheellitirnayn cuntada laga helo dhirta.

Ilaha Cuntada Dufanka

Waxaa jira saddex nooc oo waaweyn oo dufan ah, dufan buuxa, dufan aan saturated ahayn, iyo dufan badan.

Khatarta Sare ee Xanuunada wadnaha(CHD)

Dufan buuxa (laga helo cuntooyinka sida hilibka, subagga, subagga, iyo labeenta) iyo dufanka badan (laga helo badeecooyinka duban, cuntooyinka fudud, cuntooyinka shiilan, iyo margarin) ayaa la muujiyay inay kordhiyaan halista cudurada wadnaha.

Khatarta hoose ee Xanuunada Wadnaha(CHD)

Dufanka aan Dhan (PUFAS & MUFAS) (laga helo cuntooyinka sida saliid saytuun, avokado, lawska, iyo saliidaha khudradda, kalluunka)

* Ku beddelashada dufanka buuxa iyo dufanka ka beddelan ee cuntadaada iyo dufanka aan dheregsanayn ayaa la muujiyay inay hoos u dhigayso khatarta ah inuu ku dhaco cudurrada wadnaha.

Dhinacyada caafimaadka bulshada ee isticmaalka Macronutrients

Maaddaama dhammaan nafaqeeyayaalka yar yar ay gacan ka geystaan ​​barkadda tamarta ee jirka labadaba isticmaalka ku filan iyo isticmaalka xad-dhaafka ah waxay u horseedi doonaan dhibaatooyin muhiim u ah caafimaadka dadweynaha.

Carbohydrates

Isticmaalka xad dhaafka ah= suuska ilkaha, dheelitirnaanta tamarta togan

Isticmaalka aan ku filnayn=PEM(dhimista, LBW, hoos u dhaca IQ)

Borotiinno

Qaadashada xad-dhaafka ah= dheelitirnaanta tamarta wanaagsan & cayilka

Qaadashada oo yaraatay=PEM(wax-ka-dhicis), difaaciddii oo hoos u dhacday, Hoos u dhac ku yimid shaqada habab badan sababtoo ah la'aanta asiidhyada amino ee muhiimka ah

Dufan

Qaadashada xad-dhaafka ah= Dheelitirka tamarta wanaagsan & Cayilka, Kansarka & Cudurrada Joogtada ah

Qaadasho aan ku filnayn = yaraanta acid dufanka aasaasiga ah, hoos u dhaca shaqada ee nidaamyada badan sababtoo ah la'aanta asiidhyada dufanka muhiimka ah

Arrimaha cuntada ee saameeya Kolestaroolka dhiigga

Markuu Kordho

-Duufaan dheregsan

-Kolestaroolka

-Waxay gudbisaa asiidh dufan leh

Marku Hoos u dhac

- Dufanka kelida ah

-PUFA (saliid kalluunka)

-Fiber

Qodobada aan cuntada ahayn ee saameeya Kolestaroolka dhiigga

Marku Kordho

-Sigaarka

- Dufanka jidhka oo badan

-khamriga

Marku Hoos u dhaco

-Jimicsiga

-Estrogens

Proteins

Saldhigga qaab-dhismeedka borotiinku waa amino acid, kaas oo 20 ka mid ah loo aqoonsaday inay ka kooban yihiin borotiinnada intooda badan Dhammaan amino acids waxay leeyihiin kooxda amino (NH2) iyo kooxda Carboxylic (COO2) Laakiin, waxaa lagu kala soocaa inta ka hartay molecule (R). 

Asiidhyada amino-yada ah ee aan lagu samayn karin jidhka oo u baahan in laga soo qaato cuntada ayaa ah amino acids lagama maarmaan ah. 

Maqnaanshaha Asiidhyada amino ee muhiimka ah ee cuntada ayaa keenta waxqabadka koritaanka liita ee xayawaanka sii kordhaya.  

MAXAYNU UGU BAAHANAHYA BAROOTIN SI AAN UGU BADBAADNO? 

Waxaan Ugu Baahanahay Borotiinka: Kobaca (gaar ahaan muhiim u ah carruurta, dhalinyarada, iyo haweenka uurka leh) 10% - 35% kaloriyada waa inay ka yimaadaan borotiinka. 

Dayactirka unugyada Shaqada difaaca 

Tamar marka karbohaydrayt la waayo

Ilaalinta murqaha caatada ah 

Isku dhafka enzymes, hormoonnada dhammaan unugyada difaaca jirka 

Wuxuu Xakameeyaa dhaqdhaqaaqa dareeraha ee jirka Buffer (PH control): 

Sababo la xiriira kooxda karboxyl ama acid (-COO) iyo amino ama kooxda aasaasiga ah (- NH2)

Kala soocidda borotiinnada Iyada oo ku saleysan halabuurka kiimikada. Borotiin fudud - waxay soo saartaa amino-asiidhyada marka ay dhamaystirto hydrolysis Tusaale ahaan: - albumin - ukunta, zein galleyda 

1.Borotiinno isku dhafan/isku-dhafan Protein + aan borotiin ahayn Tusaale: - Hgb       (Protein + cidhif) 

2. Iyada oo ku saleysan Qiimaha Nafaqeynta:- Kala soocidaani waxay ku xiran tahay nuxurka amino acids ee borotiinka. 

A.Borotiinno Dhameystiran: Waxay ka kooban yihiin dhammaan asiidhyada amino-yada lagama maarmaanka ah ee saamiga loo baahan yahay si ay u taageeraan koritaanka iyo ilaalinta unugyada. Tusaale ahaan. Ku dhawaad ​​dhammaan borotiinada xayawaanka marka laga reebo jelatin (la'aanta laba amino acids lagama maarmaanka ah). Waxaa lagu tilmaamay inay dhammaystiran yihiin sababtoo ah waxay u eg yihiin borotiinka jirka (Ukun & Caano). 

B.Borotiinno aan dhamaystirnayn: Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa borotiinada aan ku jirin dhammaan asiidhyada amino-yada muhiimka ah ee saamiga loo baahan yahay si loo ilaaliyo koritaanka iyo hagaajinta unugyada

3. Iyada oo ku saleysan Is-beddelka Protein-ka: Tani waxay tilmaamaysaa qaabka saddex-geesoodka ah ee borotiinka ee xaaladdiisa dabiiciga ah. Iyada oo ku saleysan kan borotiinnada waxaa loo kala saaraa sida: Barootiinnada globular Silsilad adag oo si adag u laalaabtay - qaab spherical ama globular -Inta badan ku milmay biyaha & milixda Tusaale:  - Enzymes, unugyada difaaca jirka, iyo hormoonno badan, Hgb Borotiinno Fibrous ah -Silsilado polypeptide ah oo si isku mid ah loo habeeyay dhidibka -A adag oo aan biyo ku milmin Tusaale:  - Collagen of tendons & matrix lafaha -    Keratin timaha, maqaarka, cidiyaha iyo -    Elastin ee xididdada dhiigga 

IV. Iyada oo ku saleysan Qaab-dhismeedka Kiimikada Qaab dhismeedka aasaasiga ah:waxa loola jeedaa isku xigxiga asiidhyada amino-ka ee silsiladda polypeptide ee borotiinada uu hayo bond peptide. Tusaale. Ala---gyc---Phenala---histd---tyr---trp Qaabdhismeedka Sare: Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa laalaabida silsiladda polypeptide lafteeda taas oo keentay helix alfa ah (midig qalloocan ama bidix maroojin) iyo ama xaashida B-pated. Qaab dhismeedkan waxaa si xoog leh u haysta isku xidhka haydaroojin molecular intramolecular. 

1.  Alpha helices                    AMA 

2.-B-Galkii Dahaarka ahaa c. Qaab dhismeedka jaamacadeed: - Tani waxa ay tilmaamaysaa habaynta saddex-geesoodka ah ee qaab-dhismeedka borotiinka (haddii ay isku laalaabtay iyada oo ay ka dhalanayso borotiinno globular ama haddii ay silsiladeeda toosan ee peptides-ka ah ee ka dhalanaysa borotiinka fibrous). 

Qaab dhismeedkan waxaa ilaaliya dammaanadda sulfide.

Qiimaha noolaha ee borotiinka: Haddii borotiinku ka kooban yahay dhammaan asiidhyada amino ee lagama maarmaanka ah waxaa la sheegaa inuu leeyahay qiime bayooloji sare leh. 

Haddii borotiinku aanu ku jirin dhammaan asiidhyada amino-yada lagama maarmaanka ah waxa la sheegay in uu leeyahay qiime bayooloji hooseeya. 

Qiimaha bayoolojiga sare (HBV) waxaa ka mid ah: hilib, kalluun, ukun, farmaajo, iyo caano. 

Qiimaha bayoolojiga hooseeya (LBV) borotiinada waxaa ka mid ah: badarka, digirta, nuts iyo khudaarta qaarkood. 

Guud ahaan, ilaha borotiinka xayawaanku waxay leeyihiin qiimo bayooloji oo sarreeya, marka loo eego ilaha khudradda.

Isku dheelitirnaanta Nitrogen Qeexid: Isku dheelitirnaanta Nitrojiinka waxaa loola jeedaa xaaladda qaadashada nitrogen ee cuntada ay la mid tahay soosaarka nitrogen. 

Tani waxay ku dhacdaa qof caafimaad qaba oo aan korin oo qaangaar ah oo ka qaadanaya tamar ku filan karbohaydraytyada. 

Xaaladaha qaarkood soo saarista Nitrojiinka ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ka weyn yahay qaadashada nitrogen, tan waxaa loo yaqaannaa dheelitirka nitrogen-ka xun. Xaaladaha kale ee soo saarista nitrogen ay ka yar tahay qaadashada nitrogen ee cuntada waxaa loo yaqaan dheelitirnaanta nitrogen ee togan 

Qodobbada Saameeya Dheellitirka Nitrogen:- Waxyaabaha saameeya dheellitirka nitrogen 

A.Dheelitirka nitrogen ee togan:- Uurka, nuujinta, Koritaanka, Ka soo kabashada jirrada (Marxaladda Convalescent) Qaadashada Nitrojiin = Soo saarista Nitrojiin (dheellitirka nitrogen) 

B.Dheelitirka nitrogen ee taban:- Gaajo, Xanuun daran, Nafaqo-xumada Tamarta. 

Ilaha Barootiinka Ee Cuntada 

isha xoolaha Ee Barootiinka Laga Helo:- Lo'da, Wanka,Kalluun,Hilibka digaaga, jiiska, caanaha, 

Cuntooyinka Laga Helo Dhirta lawska, digirta, badarka iyo digirta soya. 

Shuruudaha borotiinka Ee Maalinkii Inaad Qaadato Ay Tahey

Celceliska RDA = .8 g/kg/maalintii Ciyaartoyga RDA = 1.2-1.6 g/kg/maalintii Heerarka sare ee qaadashada borotiinka ee ka sarreeya 2 g/kg/maalintii waxay waxyeelo u keeni kartaa jidhka 

Isticmaalka borotiinka Dheefshiidka Nuugista Dheef-shiid kiimikaadka borotiinka.

Nafaqada Dhallaanka iyo Carruurnimada

Baahida tamarta ayaa ah mid sareeysa ilaa sanadaha hore ee abuuritaanka.Halka dadka waaweyni ubaahan yihiin 25-30 kalori/kg/maalintii

•  Dhallaanka ilaa 4 bilood wuxuu u baahan yahay in ka badan 100 kilocalories halkii kg (430 kalori maalintii).

•   Carruurta da'doodu tahay afar ilaa lix bilood waxay u baahan yihiin qiyaastii 82 kilocalories halkii kg (490 kalori maalintii).

•  Carruurta da'doodu tahay hal ilaa saddex sano waxay u baahan yihiin qiyaastii 83 kilocalories halkii kg (990 kalori maalintii).

Shuruudaha tamarta ayaa hoos u dhacaya ka dib waxayna ku saleysan yihiin miisaanka, dhererka, iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa jirka.

Talooyin ku salaysan waxqabadyada Nafaqada Asaasiga ah:- 

24-ka Bilood Ee Ugu Horreeya 

•  Naaska Oo La Nuujiyo Naasnuujinta ugu Fiican (Optimal breastfeeding)
•  Ilmaha Oo La Quudiyo Quudinta dhameyskatiran Ee ugu Fiican(Complementary Feeding)

Inta Lagu Jiro 2-9 Sano 

•  Cunto kala duwan (cuntada isha xoolaha waa lama huraan)
•  Iron, fitamiin A, iodine
•  Kordhi tamarta 

Fariinta Muhiimka Ah Ee Naas-nuujinta Ugu Fiican(Optimal breastfeeding)

• Naas nuujinta oo horey laagu bilaabo ½ saac gudahood dhalashada ilmaha kadib
•  Dambarka oo lasiiyo 
•  Naaska oo lasiiyo iyadoo waxkale lasiin ilmaha ilaa 6 bilood 
• Naaska oo lanuujiyo habeen iyo maalin iyadoo la dalbanayo ugu yaraan 8-12 jeer 24kii saac 
• QaabkaSaxdaAh Ee ilmahaNaastaLoo Nuujinayo & Sida Afkiisa Loogu lifaaqayo ibta Naasta 
• Naasaha oo  Mid la faaruqiyo kadibna loogu  beddelo kan kale 
•  Quudinta dhamayskatiran oo loobilaabo ilmaha marka uu 6 bilood gaadho
•  Naaska oo la  nuujiyo ilmaha  ilaa 2 sano 

Fariinta Muhiimka Ah Ee Quudinta Dhammayskatiran(Complementary Feeding)

Quudinta dhammayskatiran waa in ay buuxisaa shuruudaha "FADUA".

F= (frequency)inta jeer ee laquudinayo

A= (Amount)qadarta laquudinayo

D= (Density)Cufnaanta quudinta

U= (Utilization)ka faa'iidaysiga (nadaafadda) 

A= (Active feeding) quudin firfircoon 

•  Sii wad naas nuujinta ilaa 24 bilood iyo ka badan 
•   Kordhi tirada quudinta marwalba oo ay da'da ilmuhu korodho
•  Kordhi cufnaanta iyo tirada marwalba oo ay da'da ilmuhu korodho
•  Nadaafadda cuntada iyo quudinta firfircoon

QOYSKA & HORUMARINTA BULSHADA

Sheekooyin Xiiso Leh!

Maanta waxa aan idin la wadaagayaa dhowr sheeko oo xikmadaysan.! Gabadh ayaa maalin maalmaha kamid ah soo booqatay saaxiibaddeed oo cunto karinta si heersare ah u taqaannay, si ay uga barato habka loo moofeeyo kalluunka kaddibna waxa ay aragtay iyada oo kalluunkii madaxa iyo dibka ka goynaysa; dabaddeed, waxa ay warsatay sababta ka danbaysa?! Itaal-baaska gabadhii waxa ay ku tidhi: “garan maayo, aniguba hooyaday baan ka arkay!”

Isla goobtii ayay hooyadeed wacday, wayddiisayna sababta ay kalluunka madaxa iyo dibka uga goyn jirtay?!

Hooyadeedna waxa ay ugu warcelisay: ” ‘bi’i waaye, ma anaa garan?!’aniguba islaantii i dhashay, ayaa sida tan suubbin jirtaye!” Wax ay socotaba, islaantii telefoon loo dir oo la wayddii sirta ku duugnayd in ay kalluunka madaxa iyo mijaha ka goyso marka ay karinayso?!

Dabaddeed, islaantii warkeeda la sugayay waxa ay ku jawaabtay: ” berrigaa suxuuntii iyo weelkii aan wax ku walaaqan jiray, ayaa ahaa qaar naqan oo yaryaraa oo – sidaa daraaddeed ayaan kalluunka u gaaggaabin jiray!” ‘Wadhi’ iyo ‘war la’aan’ weynaa’.!

Nuxurka sheekadu waxa weeye, in ay jiraan waxyaabo tiro badan oo si indho la’aan ah looga dhaxlay تﺎﻴﻛﻮﻠﺴﻟا quruumo hore iyo qarniyaddoodi, kaaga darrantana aan la isba wayddiin ‘jin’ iyo ‘jaan’ midka uu yahay?! – Iyo in sidoo kale, sancooyinkii iyo seetooyinkii ay jiilashii hore adeegsan jireen gu’yaal hore ,si ay uga gudbaan xalad xiliigaas darneeyd 

Fadlan nugu so biir aqriste 

QORSHE LA'AANTA WAKHTIGA EE DHALINTA MAANTA

 W/Q Maxamed Cabdi Aden(Camash)

Ka Hor inta Aynu Gudogalin Mawduuceena Waxaan isyara dul taageynaa micnaha Qorshe !

Waa Maxey Qorshe ?

“Qorshe waa nidaam habaysan oo hawl lagu fuliyo Kaas oo ka kooban talaabooyin is daba yaal yaal kuwaas oo loogu talo galay in lagu gaadho yool ama hadaf cayiman muddo cayiman gudaheed.”

Qorsheyntu waa tan u horaysa una muhiimsan marka hawl la qabanaayo, hawl la qabto qorshe la’aan waa hawl aan la hayn wax macno ah iyo hawtulhamagnimo, inta badana waxay u muqataa hawl aan adkeyn.tusaale ahaan kasoo qaad inaad aroorta 6:00 subaxnimo ugu baxayso safar magaalo ka baxsan magalada aad degentay, waa hawl aan wax badan kaga baahnayn hadana qorshe kama maarmayso, waxad u bahantay inad diyaarsato gadiidkad raacileyd iyo inaad qadato sahay iyo wixii kaleed u bahantay sida waraqahaga aqoonsiga hadaad xuduud ka talaabayso. Qorshe waa inuu ahaado mid qoran aad goorkasta si sahlan u tix raaci karto cabirina karto markasta horumarkaad samayso,qorshe aan qornayn wuxu kugu sababi karaa inaad lunto waayo waxaad u dhigantaa nin yidhi maskaxdayda ayaan ku qadanayaa mapkayga umana baahni inan qaato waraqo wax ku sawiranyiin, tani waa arin khatara hadii uu shaki kaa galana waxaad halis u tay inaad samaayso go’aan khaldan.inteena badani maab nololeedkeena madaxeena ayaan ku sidanaa, “waana ta keenta inan is qiimayn kari wayno oon garan wayno xageen u soconaa oonan ku qanacno wixii ay noloshu inoo keento.”

Abu Qaasim al-shabi gabay afka carabiga ku qoran oo uu leeyay, ayuu dhulka ku su’aalayaa “Hooyo, basharka ma dhibsatay?” dhulkuna wuxu ugu jawabayaa

“Dadka waxaan barakadeyda siiyay kuwooda hammiga leh, een khatarta ka fuula.

Waxan nacdalay kuwooda aan wakhtiga la socon, noloshana iskaga qanca teeda adag”.

Hadaba nolosha qorshe qorani waa lagama maarmaan hadii aan rabno inan si aan leexleexad,jaahwareer iyo lumis toona lahayn inan u gaadhno hammigeena nolosha. Waxa laga yabaa inad is weydiinayso maxan uga bahanay qorshe nololeed qoran? Ma kombani ayaan ahay? Runtu waxa weeye kombani adaa ka qaalisan, maskaxda kambaniga hagaysaana waa adiga, laakiin hadad adigi lunto cidkale meel maad gaadhsiin? waa maya. Waayo horaa loo yidhi “Tiisaba Daryeela tukalena ku dara”.

Waa Maxey Qorshe La'aanta Wakhtigu ?

Qorshe La'aantu Waa sida qof  Jiho La'aan Ah Oo meel uu kasocdo iyo meel uu kusocdo aan garaneyn waxa uu qabanayaa ina ay 90% fashil kudambeeyaan Qorshe La'aanta awgeed .

Qorshe la'aanta wakhtiguna waa qofka oo 24kii saac wax qabadkiisii isku dhexyaacsanyahey 

Maareynta wakhtiga liidata waxay ka dhigan tahay inaadan awoodin inaad aragto sawirka weyn ee noloshaada oo aad si habboon u qorsheysato. 

Waa inaad eegtaa hawlahaagga aad u baahan tahay inaad dhammaystirto bisha, toddobaadka iyo maalinta.

Hubi inaad wakhti ku filan u qoondaysay si aad u dhamaystirto dhammaan hawlahaaga.

"Qorshe La'aantu Waa Fursadii Wakhti Ee  Aad Lahayd Ood Qabsan Waydo Taasoo mustaqbal kaaga nololeed kadhigta Mid Aad ku Qasaarto Ama Aad Guulo Kakeeni Weydo"

Waxyaabaha  Sababa Qorshe la.aanta Wakhtiga Ama Qorshe Xumidda Waxaa Kamida :-

 1. In qofku faham buuxa kaheysan sida wakhtiga loo qorsheysto iyo muhiimada ay leedahay maareynta wakhtiga.
2. Inuu yahay Ruux caajis nafeed iyo wahsaanan .Taasoo caqabad kaga noqota maaraynta wakhtiga

3. In uu waayo fursad uu wakhtigiisa ku qorshysto isagoo kudhex jira shaqoyin badan oo usaa maxeyn inuu wakhtiga ukala qaybqaybiyo

4. In layska caadaysto uun inlayska noolaado  qorshe la'aan oo wakhtigii mudnaa in laga faaideysto lagu lumiyo wax aan qiimiba lahayn.

"Ugu Danbeyn Dhalinyahey Qorshe Aan Yeelano Si Aan Ugarano  Qiimaha Wakhtiga Una Gaadhno  Hadafka Aan Nolosha Kaleenahey"

    

Deegaanka dhabta ah ee usbuuca: Ururka cimilada aduunka ayaa ka digaya biyo xidheenada, tamarta iyo dhirta atomiga

 Deegaanka dhabta ah ee usbuuca: Ururka cimilada aduunka ayaa ka digaya biyo xidheenada, tamarta iyo dhirta atomiga

Cadaadiska biyaha iyo daadadku waxay dejiyaan qaab-dhismeedka 'khamaarka muhiimka ah', Ururka Saadaasha Hawada Adduunka ayaa sheegay

Qaab dhismeedka tamarta dunidu waxa ay halis "weyn" ugu jirtaa isbadelka deegaanka, maadaama munaasabadaha cimiladu aadka u xun ay wiiqayaan biyo-xireennada, xarumaha tamarta nukliyeerka iyo saldhigyada atomikada, Ururka Saadaasha Hawada Adduunka ayaa sheegay toddobaadkan.

Warbixinteedii ugu dambeysay, WMO waxay sheegtay in qaab-dhismeedka tamarta ee jira uu markaas "cadaadiska ku jiray" isbeddelka deegaankuna wuxuu u badan yahay inuu si toos ah u saameynayo bixinta shidaalka, abuurista tamarta iyo dabacsanaanta dhabta ah ee mashaariicda tamarta ee jira iyo kuwa mustaqbalka.

Khatarta daadad iyo qallayl ayaa si gaar ah loo soo bandhigay. Sannadka 2020, 87 boqolkiiba awoodda adduunka ee laga abuuray qaab-dhismeedka diirran, atomikada iyo tamar-korontadu waxay si toos ah ugu tiirsan yihiin helitaanka biyaha, WMO waxay tiri, weli qayb ka mid ah xafiisyadu waxay ku yaalliin gobollada ay la kulmeen cadaadiska biyaha.

WMO waxay sheegtay in 33% saldhigyada tamarta nukliyeerka ee ku tiirsan helista biyaha saafiga ah ee qaboojinta ay ku jireen meelaha cadaadiska biyaha, sidoo kale 15% saldhigyada tamarta kulaylka ee jira iyo 11 boqolkiiba xadka tamarta tamarta.

Qiyaastii afar meelood meel meel biyo xidheennada quwadda tamarta ee adduunka ee hadda jira, iyo afar meelood meel biyo-xidheeno la saadaaliyay, ayaa lagu habeeyay gudaha maddiibadihii durdurrada kuwaas oo hadda haysta "khamaar dhexdhexaad ah oo aad u sarreeya" biyo yaraan, ayay tidhi WMO.

Natiijooyinku waxay xaqiijinayaan dib u eegis lagu qaybiyay xusuus-qorka Biyaha dhawaan, oo ku saabsan daadadka iyo halista xilliga qallalan ee biyo-xireennada tamarta tamarta ee adduunka oo dhan. Waxa ay ogaatay in marka la gaadho 2050, boqolkiiba 61 dhammaan dhaamam biyo-xireennada ay ku jiri doonaan weel-biyoodka khatarta ah "khamaar aad u sarreeya ama xad-dhaaf ah oo qallalan, daadad ama labadaba".

Halka 2% ka mid ah biyo-xireennada la habeeyey ay ku jiraan maddiibado kuwaas oo hadda leh heerka ugu muhiimsan ee khatarta fatahaadda, dib u eegista qiyaasta in ku dhawaad ​​40% ee la mid ah ururinta biyo-xireennada ay ku jiri lahaayeen maddiibado-biyoodka oo leh khatarta ugu sarreysa ee fatahaadda.

Warbixintu waxay muujisay saddex xaaladood, iyada oo xaaladda xuni ay filayso korodhka 3.5C ka hor dhammaadka qarniga, iyo xaaladda rajada leh ee la filayo kororka heerkulka 1.5C. Heerkulka adduunka oo dhan wuxuu ka kacay wax aan ka yarayn 1.1C ilaa 1840-kii.

Jeffrey Opperman, oo ka mid ah hal-abuurayaasha dib-u-eegista iyo hormuudka cilmi-baarista biyaha nadiifka ah ee adduunka ee Hantida nolosha dabiiciga ah, ayaa si weyn u muujiyay xaalad rajo ah oo lagu xakameynayo heerarka kor u kaca heerkulka dhulka oo dhan marka la gaaro 2050, waxaa jiri doona balaadhinta khatarta xilliga qallalan. iyo khatarta fatahaadda.

"Runtii waxaan rabnaa inaan hagaajino anagoo u malaynayna inaan guulo heli doono," ayuu yidhi. "Waxaa jira farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya xaaladda rajada leh iyo tan caadiga ah, ama shakiga."

"Taasi waxay muujinaysaa in aan ka fogaano qaska hab-dhismeedkayaga biyaha ama qaababka tamarta, wanaaggeena, waxaa jira farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya dabagalka ka dib markii si gardarro ah loo soo dejiyo walxaha waxyeelada leh ee ozone, iyo inaan si dhab ah u garaacno ujeedooyinkayaga taas oo ka soo horjeeda inaanan taas samayn," Opperman ayaa yidhi.

Waddamada leh xadka ugu muhiimsan ee tamarta biyaha laga dhaliyo ee la saadaalinayo inay la kulmaan fidinta ugu wanaagsan ee khatarta fatahaadda ayaa ka mid ah Canada, Uganda, Russia, Zambia, Masar, Ghana, Venezuela, China iyo India.

Waddamada leh xadka ugu badan ee tamarta biyaha ee jira ee khatarta biyo la'aanta ah waxay sidoo kale ku daraan Shiinaha iyo Hindiya, sidoo kale Turkiga iyo Mexico, iyo dhulalka Mareykanka ee Montana, Nevada, Texas, Arizona, California, Arkansas iyo Oklahoma.

"Megadrought" qabsashada koonfur-galbeed ee Maraykanka ayaa siinaysa nooc cusub. Heerarka biyaha ee labada goobood ee ugu waaweyn ayaa hoos u dhacay bishii Maajo ee sanadkan, taasoo waday dhexdhexaadin aan caadi ahayn oo dawladeed si loo ilaaliyo biyaha iyo saadka korontada ee todobada gobol.

Hoos-u-dhaca xooggan ee heerarka harada Mead, oo ah kaydka ugu weyn ee Maraykanka, una dhow Las Vegas, iyo Lake Powell oo ku taal Colorado Stream, ayaa ka cadhaysiisay mas'uuliyiinta dawladda inay dejiyaan qorshe xilli qallayl ah.

Dalka Maraykanka, biilka aasaaska ururka Biden waxa uu kaydiyay $500mn woqooyiga shanta sano si loo maalgeliyo mashaariicda fayoobida, ka caawinta taageeridda biyo-xireennada laga yaabo inay soo gaadhaan heerarka fiditaanka ee fatahaadaha. Mas'uuliyiinta Maraykanku waxay sheegeen in maalgelintu ay gacan ka geysan doonto kobcinta xoogga dheer ee qallajinta iyo isbeddelka deegaanka.

Shiinaha, xilliga xagaaga ee halista ah iyo kulaylka diiwangelinta ayaa sababay korontadu goysay iyada oo gobollada waaweyn ee tamarta biyaha laga dhaliyo, tusaale ahaan, aagga Sichuan ayaa la dagaallamaya si loo qanciyo baahida korontada.

Ururada ay ka mid yihiin Toyota iyo bixiyaha Apple Foxconn ayaa hakiyay hawlihii dhirta ee gayiga ka dib markii ay khubaradu sheegeen inay si kooban u joojin doonaan sahayda tamarta ee khadadka wax soo saarka ee bulshooyinka kala duwan ee magaalooyinka.

Environment realistic of the week: World climate organization sounds caution on dams, power and atomic plants

 Environment realistic of the week: World climate organization sounds caution on dams, power and atomic plants

Water pressure and floods place framework at 'critical gamble', World Meteorological Association reports

The world's energy framework is at "huge" risk from environmental change, as outrageous climate occasions undermine dams, nuclear energy stations and atomic stations, the World Meteorological Association said for this present week.

In its most recent report, the WMO said existing energy framework was at that point "under pressure" and environmental change was probably going to straightforwardly influence fuel supply, energy creation and the actual flexibility of existing and future energy projects.

Flood and dry spell risk was especially featured. In 2020, 87 percent of the worldwide power created from warm, atomic and hydroelectric frameworks straightforwardly relied upon water accessibility, the WMO said, yet a portion of the offices are situated in regions that were encountering water pressure.

The WMO said 33% of nuclear energy stations that depended on freshwater accessibility for cooling were at that point in areas of water pressure, as were 15% of existing thermal energy stations and 11 percent of hydroelectric limit.

About a fourth of the world's current hydropower dams, and just about a fourth of projected dams, were arranged inside stream bowls that as of now have a "medium to extremely high gamble" of water shortage, the WMO said.

The outcomes confirm a review distributed in the diary Water recently, about flood and dry season hazard to hydropower dams worldwide. It found that by 2050, 61 percent of all hydropower dams would be in waterway bowls in danger of "exceptionally high or outrageous gamble for dry spells, floods or both".

While just 2% of arranged dams are in bowls that presently have the most significant level of flood risk, the review gauge that very nearly 40% of similar gathering of dams would be in waterway bowls with the most elevated flood risk.

The report demonstrated three situations, with the negative situation expecting an increment of 3.5C before the century's over, and the hopeful situation expecting a temperature increment of 1.5C. Worldwide temperatures have climbed no less than 1.1C since the 1840s.

Jeffrey Opperman, one of the creators of the review and the lead worldwide freshwater researcher for the World Natural life Asset, expressed significantly under a hopeful situation for restricting an Earth-wide temperature boost levels by 2050, there would be an expansion in dry season hazard and flood risk.

"We really want to adjust assuming that we will find success," he said. "There's a major contrast between the hopeful situation versus the norm, or the skeptical."

"That highlights that to stay away from disturbances to our water frameworks or energy frameworks, our wellbeing, there is a huge distinction between chasing after an aggressive bringing down of ozone harming substances, and truly hitting our objectives as opposed to not doing that," Opperman said.

Nations with the most noteworthy existing hydropower limit projected to encounter the best expansion in flood risk incorporates Canada, Uganda, Russia, Zambia, Egypt, Ghana, Venezuela, China and India.

Nations with most elevated existing hydropower limit in danger of water shortage additionally incorporate China and India, as well as Turkey and Mexico, and the US territories of Montana, Nevada, Texas, Arizona, California, Arkansas and Oklahoma.

The "megadrought" grasping the southwestern US gives a new model. Water levels at the two biggest repositories tumbled to keep lows in May this year, driving uncommon government mediation to safeguard water and power supplies across seven states.

The sharp drop in levels on Lake Mead, which is the biggest US repository, and is close to Las Vegas, and Lake Powell upstream on the Colorado Stream, provoked government authorities to enact a crisis dry season plan.

In the US, the Biden organization's foundation bill reserved $500mn north of five years to finance dam wellbeing projects, assisting with supporting dams that might be exposed to expanding levels of flooding. US authorities said the financing would assist with growing long haul strength to dry spell and environmental change.

In China, the serious summer dry season and record temperatures prompted power cuts as major hydropower-delivering regions, for example, Sichuan area battled to satisfy power need.

Organizations including Toyota and Apple provider Foxconn suspended plant tasks in the territory after specialists said they would briefly end energy supplies to production lines in various urban communities.